Apparatus for heating railroad-cars



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

1-1. B. 'TOWNE. APPARATUS FOR HEATING RAILROAD CARS.

T No. 397,152. Patented Feb. 5, 1889.

Q INVENTORI I Henry 13.. Tau x1e 6.65. M, Byizisfllforneys N. PETERS. PlmM-Lilhngrapher. Washillglun. \mcv APPARATUS FOR HEATING RAILROAD CARS.

Patented Feb. 5, 1889.

By his flttorneys N. PETERS. Pham-Limo m ncn Wrnh lmlan. D. (L

{No Model.) 3 Sl1eetsS11eet 3.

, H. R. TOWNE. APPARATUS FOR HEATING RAILROAD CARS.

No. 397,152. PatentedFe'b. 5, I889.

N. PETERS. PhowLimn m ner. Washinglun. 0.0

HENRY R. TOlYNE, OF

CAR HEATING STAMFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE SAFETY AND LIGHTING COMPANY, OF NEXV JERSEY.

APPARATUS FOR HEATING RAILROAD- CARS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 397,152, dated February 5, 1889.

Application filed June 13, 1887. Serial No. 241,187. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

be it known that I, IIENRY R. TowNE, of

Stamford, in the county of Fairfield and State for instance, as the boiler of a locomotive-and adapted to transfer the heat from the steam to the circulating medium within the car to be heated, the other a secondary heatera stove of any suitable con struction'and adapted to impart heat to the circulatory system when the primary heater is not in use, as in the case of an emergency, or when the pri- 2 5 mary heater for any reason does not furnish sufficient heat to effect the proper heating of the car.

In a former application-to wit, No. 226,569, filed February it, l887-I have generally de- 3 scribed such a car-heating system, and in my present application I carry the development of my system of car-heating further into detail as respects the system as awhole and the construction of the various parts which go to make up the system.

In my improved system, which I will now proceed to describe, there is shown a local heater, which comprises both the primary and the secondary heaters, as fully described in 40 my former application, and there is further shown a local heater in which the primary heater is separated from the secondary heater, and there is further shown means by which the secondary portion of the local heater may be heated by gas stored in appropriate tanks carried by the car.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure] is a side elevation of a car provided with my invention. Fig. 2 is a plan of .the same. Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of my local heater containing in one construction a transfer-chamher and a combustion-chamber with suitable pipes and connections. Fig. 4c is a View of the same, taken on the line at a of Fig. 3. Fig.

5 is a View of the same, taken on the line 5 5 of Fig. Fig. (3 is a side elevation of a locomotive and tender. Fig. 7 is a plan view of a car, showing the local circulatory system of pipes and the local heating apparatus, in this case, however, the local heater being divided into two constructions, one containing the combustion-chamber and the other containing the transfer-chamber.

In the drawings, in order to show the relations, operation, and utility of the improve- 6 5 ments I set forth herein, I show many things which I do not here claim, some of which are claimed in my said pending applications.

I will first, by referring to the letters upon the drawings, give an outline of the entire apparatus as illustrated, and afterward point out the part'culars in which my present improvements consist.

A designates the prime heater, which in .this instance is a locomotive.

B designates the pipes, and C the flexible couplings, of any usual or suitable character, for conveying the initiatory heating medium from the primeheater into the transfer-chanr ber D (primary heater) contained in the local heater of each car, which serves to transfer the heat it receives from the initiatory heat ing medium to the secondary heating medium contained in the local circulatory system of pipes E in each car. The local heater may be, as is shown by Fig. 3, a single structure embracing means for heating the water in the circulating-pipes of each car by steam supplied from the locomotive, and also for occasionally or temporarily heating it by direct 9o combustion (secondary heater) of some kind, preferably of G in Fig. 3 indicates a central combustionchamber containing a nest or cell of waterpipes, H, which are a part of the circulatory 5 system of the car containing the local heater.

'Beneath them is a series of gas-burners, K, of

any suitable form or kind, adapted to heat the coil H. There is also beneath them a grate,

L, adapted to receive solid fuel through a door, M, and heat the coil II in case the gassupply should be exhausted.

N is a smoke-pipe leading out of the top of the car from the local heater, and provided with a damper, O.

P indicates a jacketforming the outer wall of the annular transfer-chamber 1), within which chamber is another coil of water-pipes, ll, which are also a part: of the circulatory system of the car containing the local heater. Instead of coils, other forms of walla-holders to be heated might be used; but coils are preferable.

\Vater might; be contained in the transferehamber I) and the water-pipes be connected to it, and steam might be-admitted into the coil of pipes ll. within the transl'er-ehamber with the same effect, this being a mere matter of choice of the (amstructer. The pipes are all connected and provided with cocks, substantially as illustrated, to admit or cut oil steam, water, and gas, and to control the heating and the water circulation, the details of construction for these purposes being as hereinafter described.

Instead of having the local heater embody in one structure the steam-heated transferchamber and the conlbustioil-chamber, as ,j ust described, these two chambers may be contained in two separate structures, as shown by Fig. 7. If separated, the combustion-chamber and its coil of water-pipes might be in one position and the steam-heater or transferbe in another position,

chamber and its coil either in or under the car, the pipes of both and of the circulatory sy tom all being connected together, substantially as indicated in Fig. 7 at 'l. T. \Vhere for any reason it is desired to separate these two chambers into two constructions, as represented in Fig. 7, the same method of connection and, of operation will be obtained. In that case the combustioncliamber and its coil will remain just as shown in Fig. I), and as at present in general use, while the transfer-chamber will consist simply of an inelosing-shell-such as P in Fig. 3containing within it the coil It, and having connected to it the steam-pipe l3 and drip-pipe 7) in manner substantially the same as shown in liig. 3. The coils H and H, contained, respectively, within these two separate chambers, will then be connected by a circulating-pipe, Q, precisely as in Fig. 3, and the flow of water from the second or last of the two chambers will be effected through the pipe B into the reservoir R and the return or opposite end of the circulatory pipes of the car will be connected with an inlet-pipe, a, connecting with the lower end of the coil contained in the first of the two heaters, the action of all of the several parts, either considl l l l cred separately or relatively to each other,

being precisely the same in this case as when the two chambers are combined in one construction, as shown in Fig. 3.

I prefer, for purposes of safety and convenience, to constitute the apparatus for heating each car by local combustion as follows: U U, Figs. 1 and 2, designate two storage-tanks on each car for containing combustible gas under pressure. V designate gas-tapes leading from the tanks I U to the pipe 'W, whence it passes to the burners K. Instead of two storage-tanks for gas, I may employ a single one cmitaining combustible gas; but I prefer to use two tanks containing different gases which. are non-comlnistilile until commingledas, for example, in pipe \V.

Proceeding now to describe more particularly the improvements I here claim and res t'erring to Fig. 3, it will be seen that an e.\'- pansioiereservoir, 1' is provided at the upper part of the series of cireulating-pipes, the

purpose ol which, as is usual in water-cimru lating systems, is to provide for convcnicmtly charging the pipes with salted water or other non-freezing circulating medium, and also to provide for the expansion and (a'mtraetion ol' the volume of water contained within the pipes resulting from changes of tmnperature. The construction of this reservoir is as usual and is well understood, and therefore I do not describe it; in d etail. The heated water rising from the heater passes through the expansion-reservoir R downward through the pipe R into the circulating-pipes E of the car, whence it returns at the opposite end and, passing through the pi pc (I, enters at the lower end of the coil H, contained within the contlmstion-chaml)er l. Supposing a tire to exist: in the eonibustioiechamber, the heat thereby imparted to the watta'within the coil it causes it to tlow upward within said coil and to pass out from said cell at its upper end throughthe clrculating-pipe Q. This pipe then conducts the llow of water downward again to the lower end of the eoilll, contained withinthetran t r-chamberl), through which itagain 'llows upward and escapes at the top through the pipe Q into the vertical pipe R, through which it passes into the cxpansionreservoir R thus (f'ompleting the circuit. In like manner, it the traiisfer-chamber I) be filled with steam from any external source, the heat imparted to the water or other lluid contained within the coil 11 will cause the water in the latter to flow upward in the same manner as heat imparted to water contained in the coil H within the combustionchamber, as already explained. In this way the same result arrived at whether heat be communicated through the eombustioil-chamber or transferchamber, or through both, the result in any case being to set in motion the circulatin medium contained within the coils and circulatorypipes of the car, as described.

The water of condensation collects in the bottom of the transfer-chamber D, and removed therefrom by the drain-pipe b.

An external jacket, P incloses the body of the local heater, leaving an air-space between it and the outer jacket, P of the transferchamber, in order to prevent undue radiation from the latter.

In this application I make no claim to the combination, with a car, of a system. of circu- IIO lating-pipes within the ear and two heaters in operative contact with said circulatingsystem adapted to be operated simultaneously or separately for imparting heat thereto. Neither do I claim the combination, with said elements, of mechanism for supplying one of said heaters so combined and operative with steam as a primary means for heating the circulating: medium within the circulatory system, as the same have been made the subjects of claims in the application to which I have heretofore referred.

Having described my improvements, what I claim to be new herein, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

i. In a car-heating system, the combination, with a system of water-oirculating pipes within a car, of a water-heating device provided with a heatingcoil, one portion of which is located within the combustion-cham ber of said heater and the other portion within a transfer-chamber arranged external to said combustion-chamber, and said heating-coil connected to and formingpart of the said water-circulating system, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In a car-heating system, the combina tion, with a system of water-circulating pipes within a car, of a water-heating device provided with a heating-coil, one portion of which is located in the conibustion-chamber of said heater and the other portion in a transferchamber arranged external to said combustion-chamber, said coil connected to said water-circulating system, a main steam-pipe connected to the source of steam, and a branch said main pipe and said pipe connected to as and for the transfer-chamb er, substantially purpose set forth.

3. In a car-heating system, the combination, with a system of water-circulating pipes within a ear, of a water-heating device provided with a heating-coil, one portion of which is located within the combustion-chamber of said heater and the other portion within a transfer-chamber arranged independently of and separated from that portion of the device containing the combustion-ehamber, and said coil connected to the said water-circulating system, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

at. In a car-healing system, the combination,with a system of water-circulating pipes within a car, of a water-heating device provided with aheating-coil, one portion of which is within the combustion chamber of said heater and the other portion within an independentlyarranged transferchamber, said coil connected to the water-circulating system, a gas-heating device in said combustionehamber, a main steam-pipe connected to the source of steam, and a branch pipe connected to said main pipe and to said transfer-chamber, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name.

HENRY R. TOWNE.

\Vitnesses:

E. W. BIKER, J. H. TOWNE. 

